COMMON RAIL is a fuel injection device for diesel engines. High pressure fuel is being stored in a container called a rail so that the injection pressure can be adjusted regardless of the engine speed and charge. Also, the common rail can inject fuel at the optimal time using the electronic control at the optimal time. In this way, diesel engines can inject fuel freely with electronic control and a common rail system. Therefore, the performance of diesel engine such as output, fuel consumption, and exhaust gas has improved dramatically.

◎ How is the common rail system working?

Roughly speaking, the constitution of common rail engine is as follow.

・INJECTION PUMP:
Increases the pressure of fuel and send it to the rail.

・RAIL:
Container for storing high-pressure fuel sent from the pump

・INJECTOR：
Injects high-pressure fuel which looks like a syringe.
There is one for each cylinder of the engine.

・ECU：
The Control device of common rail.
Mainly used for controlling pressure and fuel injection quantity and timing.

Using these four items, the fuel is first increased to high pressure at the pump and sent to the rail. The rail and injector are connected by a pipe. When the injector switch is turned on in response to an instruction from the ECU, high-pressure fuel is injected.

◎　What are the pros of common rail system?

・Cleaner exhaust gas

When the fuel particles are not sufficiently mixed with air (oxygen) and are not completely combusted, Soot (PM) contained in exhaust gas from diesel engines will be produced.
 For this reason, when fuel is injected at high pressure, a smaller injector hole diameter can be used, and the fuel particle size can be reduced. When the particle size is small, it will mix with oxygen well and approach closer to complete combustion.
 In other words, HC (hydrocarbon) and CO (carbon monoxide) can be reduced.

・Reduction of noise and vibration

The pressure peak will be lowered by dividing the injections into several times. As a result, vibration and noise form the engine are reduced.

・Improved output

When complete combustion is possible, the amount of heat increases, so the output can also be improved.

◎　What is the future of common rail?

Nowadays, global environmental protection has become a major issue. For many automobile companies, exhaust gas purification and fuel consumption control of internal combustion engines are significant. In recent years, fuel efficiency has been especially emphasized. From the perspective of controlling fuel consumption, diesel vehicles have advantages over gasoline vehicles. Therefore, diesel engines will continue to play an important role in the automobile industry.

◎ Today’s pick up!

We got many units with common rail engine in our stock recently. Here is our pick-up for today.

FUSO REFRIGERATOR VAN
MODEL: KL-FT54JVX
FOB: USD $9,709
https://yamada-co.jp/en/stock/detail/26727
Click here for more information!

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